Russia recruits Ukrainian refugees for sabotage in Europe: around 200 cases recorded

Russia recruits Ukrainian refugees for sabotage in Europe: around 200 cases recorded
Russia recruits Ukrainian refugees for sabotage in Europe: around 200 cases recorded

Russian intelligence services are actively recruiting Ukrainian refugees to carry out sabotage in European countries. Since the start of the full-scale invasion, approximately 200 such incidents have been documented in Europe, with the largest share occurring in Poland, through whose territory a significant portion of military aid to Ukraine passes. This was reported by the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine (FISU).

Specific cases and arrests

As an example of such activity, intelligence cites an incident that took place in September 2026 in the Romanian city of Brașov. A fire broke out near the Carfil SA defence factory. Recently, Romanian intelligence services established that the arson was organised by an agent network under the direction of Russian intelligence services.

Among the suspects were one Ukrainian citizen and two Belarusians. They were detained on EU territory, where they were preparing similar crimes. FISU emphasises that this incident is part of a large-scale hybrid campaign against European states, to which Moscow is attempting to involve Ukrainians.

Statistics and Kremlin goals

In total, around 200 acts of sabotage linked to Russia have been recorded in Europe since 2022. The largest share of such cases – 21% – falls on Poland. Law enforcement agencies have already identified over 170 perpetrators, including Ukrainians.

The Kremlin's main goals are to intimidate the European population, undermine military support for Ukraine, and stoke anti-Ukrainian sentiments. Russian intelligence services pay particular attention to Poland, as the main flow of military aid to Ukraine passes through its territory. Potential targets for saboteurs include railway tracks, warehouses, logistics centres, and defence enterprises.

Recruitment methods

Russian intelligence services primarily seek out people in difficult financial or social situations. The risk group includes impoverished refugees, people from temporarily occupied territories, individuals with criminal connections, and teenagers looking for easy money.

Recruitment most often takes place through social networks and messengers, particularly in job search groups. Initially, potential perpetrators are offered simple tasks – photographing a specific object or sticking up stickers. Later, the assignments become more dangerous and may involve surveillance, property damage, arson, or even explosions.

Perpetrators are also forced to film the results of their actions for reporting to their handlers. Meanwhile, recruited individuals do not always realise who exactly they are working for. Often, after completing tasks, they do not receive the promised reward and instead become victims of blackmail.

Strategic consequences and warnings

Intelligence stresses that Russian intelligence services use such perpetrators as a disposable resource, providing no guarantee of protection or assistance after the sabotage is carried out. According to FISU estimates, involving Ukrainian citizens in sabotage allows the Kremlin to conceal its own involvement in crimes while simultaneously discrediting Ukrainian refugees in European countries.

Moscow is trying to foster a negative attitude towards Ukrainians, intensify anti-Ukrainian sentiments, and convince European society that supporting Ukraine poses threats to its security. In addition, such operations force European intelligence services to spend additional resources on protecting critical infrastructure and strengthening security measures.

FISU notes that this is a beneficial tactic for Russia: by spending a few hundred or thousand dollars on a perpetrator, Moscow can cause significant damage and increase pressure on European countries.

Ukrainian intelligence calls on citizens abroad to be cautious with strangers who offer easy money, promise to quickly solve financial problems, or attempt to obtain personal information. Particular attention should be paid to demands to keep communications and agreements secret. In case of suspicion of a recruitment attempt, citizens are advised to contact the law enforcement agencies of the country of residence or Ukrainian diplomatic missions.

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